Association of Urinary Biomarkers of Inflammation, Injury, and Fibrosis with Renal Function Decline: The ACCORD Trial

Current measures for predicting renal functional decline in patients with type 2 diabetes with preserved renal function are unsatisfactory, and multiple markers assessing various biologic axes may improve prediction. We examined the association of four biomarker-to-creatinine ratio levels (monocyte chemotactic protein-1, IL-18, kidney injury molecule-1, and YKL-40) with renal outcome.We used a nested case-control design in the Action to Control...