Study of atrial tissue angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin II receptors mRNA expression in chronic atrial fibrillation

Objective To evaluate the alteration and effect of atrial tissue angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin Ⅱ receptors (AT_1, AT_2) mRNA expression on atrial structural remodeling in chronic atrial fibrillation. Methods Twenty-four patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and 12 patients with sinus rhythm as control group were included in this study. All patients undertook transthoracic echocardiography and left atrial appendages...