Gondwanan basement terranes of the Variscan–Appalachian orogen: Baltican, Saharan and West African hafnium isotopic fingerprints in Avalonia, Iberia and the Armorican Terranes

Iberia, Avalonia and the “Armorican” terranes form key constituents of the Variscan–Appalachian orogen, but their Neoproterozoic origins along the northern Gondwanan margin continue to be strongly debated. Here, we present a new detrital zircon U–Pb–Hf dataset from Neoproterozoic–Silurian sedimentary sequences in NW Iberia and Avalonia, in conjunction with the comprehensive existing datasets from potential source cratons, to demonstrate that the...