Biocompatibility of TiO₂ nanotubes with different topographies

The biological response of osteoblast cells to implant materials depends on the topography and physico-chemistry of the implant surface and this determines the cell behavior such as shaping, adhesion and proliferation, and finally the cell fate. In this study, titanium (Ti) was anodized to create different topographies of titania nanotubes (TNTs) to investigate the cell behavior to them. TNTs with and without a highly ordered nanoporous layer on...