Isocyanate‐ and Phosgene‐Free Routes to Polyfunctional Cyclic Carbonates and Green Polyurethanes by Fixation of Carbon Dioxide

The catalytic chemical fixation of carbon dioxide by carbonation of oxiranes, oxetanes, and polyols represents a very versatile green chemistry route to environmentally benign di- and polyfunctional cyclic carbonates as intermediates for the formation of non-isocyanate poly-urethane (NIPU). Two synthetic pathways lead to NIPU thermoplastics and thermosets: i) polycondensation of diacarbamates or acyclic dicarbonates with diols or diamines,...