9.0% efficient Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄ solar cells from selenized nanoparticle inks

Thin‐film solar cells using Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 absorber materials continue to attract increasing attention. The synthesis of kesterite Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 nanoparticles by a modified method of hot injection is explained. Characterization of the nanoparticles by energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman, and transmission electron microscopy is presented and discussed. When suspended in an ink, coated, and processed into a device, the...