Tolosa-Hunt syndrome - diagnostic problem of painful ophthalmoplegia

Background. Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) is an uncommon disease caused by non-specific inflammation of the cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure and the apex of the orbit. The disease is characterized by periorbital pain, paresis of the bulbomotor and quick response to steroid treatment. The orbital process may lead to optic nerve atrophy. According to the International Headache Society Classification of 2004, the diagnostic protocol includes...