Glory Out of Reflected Failure: The examination of how rivalry affects sport fans

Highlights• Qualitatively investigated rivalry in United States intercollegiate athletics in direct and indirect competitive settings.• Identified socialization, in-group bias, sense of satisfaction, and out-group indirect competition as major themes.• Glory Out of Reflected Failure (GORFing) asserts that fans will rejoice a rival team's defeat in indirect competition.• GORFing extends research into disidentification, in-group bias, and...