Crashing analysis and multiobjective optimization for thin-walled structures with functionally graded thickness

Thin-walled structures have exhibited significant advantages in light weight and energy absorption and been widely applied in automotive, aerospace, transportation and defense industries. Unlike existing thin-walled structures with uniform thickness, this paper introduces functionally graded structures with changing wall thickness along the longitudinal direction in a certain gradient (namely, functionally graded thickness – FGT). Its crashing...