Direct Health Care Insurer and Out-of-Pocket Expenditures of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Evidence from a US National Survey

Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic, debilitating conditions that can have important economic and clinical implications. To quantify individual and national estimates of the health care and patient out-of-pocket (OOP) costs of CD and UC. In a retrospective study using 1996 to 2009 data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, individuals’ self-reported health conditions were mapped to International Classification of...