Effect of Adult Strabismus on Ratings of Official U.S. Army Photographs

Purpose To determine if strabismus affects the ratings of official U.S. Army photographs. Methods Photographs of seven women and seven men officers (subjects) were digitally altered to give the impression of strabismus. Four photographs of each subject were obtained: two in an orthotropic state; one in a left exotropic state; and one in a left esotropic state. The photographs were presented randomly to a panel of 38 raters. Masked to the study...