Nanoparticle–protein corona complexes govern the biological fates and functions of nanoparticles

Upon contact with plasma or other protein-containing biological fluids, the surface of nanoparticles is immediately decorated with proteins forming a biologically active protein corona. The biological fates and functions of nanoparticles are determined by physiological responses toward these nanoparticle–protein corona complexes as the effective biological unit of nanoparticles. In this article, we review representative studies on the effects of...