Clinical diagnostic criteria of IgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis 2012

Background IgG4‐sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4‐SC) patients have an increased level of serum IgG4, dense infiltration of IgG4‐positive plasma cells with extensive fibrosis in the bile duct wall, and a good response to steroid therapy. However, it is not easy to distinguish IgG4‐SC from primary sclerosing cholangitis, pancreatic cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma on the basis of cholangiographic findings alone because various cholangiographic features...