Fabrication and characterization of porous poly(l-lactide) scaffolds using solid–liquid phase separation

PLLA scaffolds were successfully fabricated using liquid-liquid phase separation with freeze extraction techniques. The effects of different processing conditions, such as method of cooling (direct quenching and pre-quenching), freezing temperature (−80°C and −196°C) and polymer concentration (3 and 5 wt%) were investigated in relation to the scaffold morphology. SEM micrographs of scaffolds showed interconnected porous network with pore size...