Evaluation of the Preliminary Effectiveness of Hand Massage Therapy on Postoperative Pain of Adults in the Intensive Care Unit after Cardiac Surgery: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Although many intensive care unit patients experience significant pain, very few studies explored massage to maximize their pain relief. This study aimed to evaluate the preliminary effects of hand massage on pain after cardiac surgery in the adult intensive care unit. A pilot randomized controlled trial was used for this study. The study was conducted in a Canadian medical-surgical intensive care unit. Forty adults who were admitted to the...